Stavropol region. An ancient-geographic area on the Russian Federation found in the main part away from Subcaucasia, involving the Kuban Lake (and Kuban part) on west, the fresh new Terek region for the southeast, this new Don area into northern, the brand new Kalmyk Autonomous Republic towards the northeast, and places of Caucasian hill peoples south and you will southwestern. Brand new Stavropol part essentially corresponds Grec parfait sexy filles into the region towards the previous Stavropol gubernia (in 18611920 line, 59,five hundred sq kilometres) plus the after Stavropol krai, shorter this new Karachai-Cherkess Independent oblast (66,500 sq kilometer).
Bodily geography. The major part of the Stavropol area try filled from the Stavropol Upland; the newest small part has areas of the new Caspian Lowland about east, the new Kuma-Manych Depression on north, as well as the mountain tops of your own Caucasus Hills regarding the southwestern. The new weather of your own Stavropol area was transitional, regarding moderate continental regarding western so you can drier plus continental regarding the eastern. The greater of them range from the Yegorlyk (and therefore streams to your Manych), the newest Kalaus, brand new Kuma, therefore the Kuban and its top tributaries, new Velykyi Zelenchuk and the Malyi Zelenchuk (discover Zelenchuk rivers). River water can be used to own irrigation. Small, primarily saline lakes are plentiful; the greatest is the thin however, 160-km-enough time Lake Manych-Gudilo (Ukrainian: Manych-Hudylo).
However the located Stavropol area remained sparsely populated from the nomadic Nogay Tatars (an excellent Turkic-speaking anyone) and you will Kalmyk some one (an effective Mongol-talking group), who to each other numbered from the 80,000
The grounds regarding the west and you will main a portion of the Stavropol area was some chernozems and you may chestnut grounds; to your east and northeast they getting white chestnut. The pure plant life together with changes eastward having decreasing humidity, regarding meadow fescuefeather grass steppe to help you dead fescuefeather turf steppe and semidesert plants out of wormwood, inactive fescue, and you may feather grass. Throughout the so much more humid the main Stavropol Upland as well as in the latest Caucasus mountain tops the latest natural plants is actually tree-steppe that have oak-hornbeam-beech forests. Now both the steppe in addition to tree-steppe are practically totally eliminated for agriculture.
Records. Regarding the middle-16th century the fresh new Caucasus together with Stavropol area started to come for the experience of Muscovite colonization. Throughout the 16th and you will seventeenth centuries Subcaucasia knowledgeable brand new roots of Cossack colonization (the fresh Don Cossacks regarding the west and Terek Cossacks into the brand new east). Caucasian hill peoples, the new Karachai therefore the Cherkess, stayed in the fresh hills of one’s part.
At the beginning of this new eighteenth century the latest Stavropol area nominally turned into area of the Russian Empire. Long lasting agreements, yet not, were not dependent till the last quarter of your century, when, within the 177780, the fresh new Russian bodies created a line of forts, the latest Mozdok-Azov range, with headquarters on Stavropol, to help you hold the Caucasian slope individuals. Because of the 1785 the fresh new Stavropol region molded section of Caucasus oblast, which had been redesignated good gubernia within the 1802. Adopting the multiple title change it had been designated given that Stavropol gubernia during the 1847. The limits was basically ultimately fixed from inside the 1861, if this was split from Terek oblast. Compared to Kuban oblast and you can Terek oblast, Stavropol gubernia (as 1898) wasn’t element of Caucasus krai.
Before the 1930s the brand new Stavropol area is actually settled from the each other Ukrainians and you will Russians, and you can constituted part of contiguous, albeit combined, Ukrainian ethnographic area
New Russian authorities advertised the new rapid colonization of Stavropol area to introduce a bottom for military procedures about Caucasus. Element of one aim was achieved by the latest granting preference tracts away from residential property to help you Russian noblemen, just who paid these with their serfs. A very significant reason behind colonization, yet not, is actually new impulsive settlement by the county peasants have been unimpeded of the the newest central authorities. In reality the imperial bodies legalized extant says into the ukase regarding 1804 and you can given help to those who had settled in the the latest Stavropol part. Towards the end of your own 1850s the populace from Stavropol gubernia had risen up to 340,000 (5.5 people for every sq . kilometer). Its simply city, Stavropol, grew from about step 3,000 people inside the 1800 so you can 17,600 owners into the 1853. By far the most heavily paid parts were the fresh new steppes between the Yegorlyk as well as the Kalaus canals and also the Kalaus River area. The populace of Stavropol gubernia (as well as Terek oblast) in 1853 contained forty eight.seven percent Cossacks, 32 percent condition peasants, 16.dos % nomadic herders, and 3.one percent serfs although some.